TRENDS IN PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC NURSING

TRENDS IN
PEDIATRICS AND
PEDIATRIC NURSING

INTRODUCTION
Pediatric regarded as the medical
science which enables an anticipated
newborn to grow into a healthy adult,
useful to the society

PEDIATRICS AS AN INDEPENDENT
MEDICAL SPECIALITY
the health problems of children differ
from those of adults in many a way.
children’s response to an illness is
influenced by age.
management of childhood illness is
significantly at with that of an adult.
Finely children also need special care
since they are among the most
vulnerable in the society

TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING
Remarkable changes have occurred in
the field of pediatric nursing in recent
years due to changing needs of society,
medical and technological advancing
political interests and changing trends
within the nursing profession.

HISTORICAL PRESPECTIVE
The modern child care is part of a
great historical pageantry that
involved cultures of many people
present day child health nurse
should know something of the part
to appreciate the present fully.

• PRE HISTORIC TIME (BEFORE
3000 BC
 In early civilization of Egypt, china, India
children were reared according to tradition
passed down from previous generation
children made to follow their parents, girls
followed mothers, boys followed the father
 The medical practice was a combination of
indigenous system of medicine and magic.
Local practioners treat adults and children
with diet, rituals, magic and herbs.

CONT….
In modern world sareneos in 2nd century
wrote 1st known manuscript devoted to
pediatrics
in India kasayapa tantra written in BC
had a chapter on koumara maritya this
is 1st record of pediatrics anywhere in
the world.
Sushruta the Indian Hippocrates chapter
on koumara maritya in 2nd century AD

The 1st asylum or hospital was founded
in 787 which was only a shelter for
abandoned children this foundlings
home were deadly due to overcrowding,
poor hygiene, and sanitation. No public
measure were available and death toll
was very high so this period was
considered as the dark ages of health

RENAISSANCE AND EARLY
MODERN WORLD (1350-1800 A.D.)
 Renaissance brought tremendous changes in
the course of human life. In 16th century 2 great
medical books were published
 ‘THE BOOK OF CHILDREN’ by Thomas phare
(father of English pediatrics)
 ‘THE CHILDRENS BOOK’ BY Felix wurtz in
Germany
 They found there were lot of hazardous
practices in feeding, clothing and rearing. Rarely
infant were breast feed, instead infant received
different types of soups and sugar solutions or
water

Modern World (1800 Ad to Date)
 In 1748 William cadogans easy on nursing
called attention to unhealthy childcare
practices and identified over dressing, over
feeding and poor diet as contributing factors
to childhood illness. This encouraged breast
feeding and urged parents to dress infants in
loose and lightweight garments.
 Abraham Jacobi (1830-1919)(father of
pediatrics).He Started pediatric department in
several new York hospital and was one of the
founder of the American pediatric society in
1888.

 During 19th century, people recognized the
effects of childhood illness and injury, the bad
effect of childhood labor, poverty and neglect
the end of 19th century is often regarded as
the dark age of pediatrics and 1st half of the
20th century as down of improved health care
of children.
 Now a movement towards ‘humanized
pediatric care’ has emerged out as a major
source to reduce trauma to hospitalized
children. At present children are prepared
emotionally for medical procedure.

DEVELOPMENT OF PEDIATRIC
NURSING
 The nursing school associated with some of
the earliest children hospitals were devoted
to the training of nurses to the care of sick
children.
 In India, pediatric nursing was not given due
in recognition in syllabi in the earlier periods
of nursing training but with the introduction of
under graduate degree programme in nursing
in madras university CMC vellor,RAK Delhi,
pediatric nursing as a course was introduced
date back from 1950s.

In present INC syllabus for all types of
undergraduate nursing programme
gives due waightage to pediatric nursing
as a specialty

MODERN CONCEPT OF CHILD
CARE
Child health nursing is undergoing
tremendous advancement just like
pediatric medicine and surgery. The
current trends in the practice are based
on researches that have taken make
place in the field of pediatric nursing

CONT…..
Trends are as following:
Family centered care
High technology care
Evidence based practice
Atraumatic care
Cost containment
Prevention and health promotion

1. FAMILY CENTERED CARE
 It is based on philosophy that quality care can be
provided in an environment that support family
integrity and promote psychological and
physiological health of the family.fcc provide a
holistic approach than simply providing medical
and nursing care. Parents know best about their
Childs need more, aware of their Childs
behaviour and habits.

The 2 basic concepts of family
centered care are
 Enabling
 Empowering

ENABLING
All the family member are helped by the
professional to create opportunities and
mean to utilize their present ability
competence and acquire new skills that
are necessary to provide care to their ill
children.

EMPOWERING
 Empowering help to faster the strength of
family member to cope up and withstand
stress related to sickness of their children
In FCC the nurse need to move further
from describing what is upsetting to families
to describing intervention that are helpful
and providing the same recipients of care,
nurses should help families to make
responsible decisions education

2. HIGH TECHNOLOGY CARE
 Advancement in medical field has created the
care of children too technologically versatile.
The nurse also needs to be technologically
competent enough to meet the nursing care
needs of children. The advancement in
diagnostic technology has made detection of
many disorders even in the fetal period

3. EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE
 In evidence based practice nurses need to make
decisions on the best available evidence EBP in
nursing provides a systematic approach to enable
nurse to effectively use. Clinical practice guidelines
(CPGs) and patient centered multidisciplinary,
multidimensional plans of Care will help nursing team
move toward evidence based practice and improve
the process of care delivered. The nurse needs to be
vigilant in practicing EBP in nursing children.
 PRIMARY NURSING

4. ATRAUMATIC CARE
 It is the provision of therapeutic care is
setting by personnel and with intervention
eliminates or minimizes the psychological
and physical distress experienced by child
and their families in health care system.
 principles of atraumatic care:-
 interventions

5. COST CONTAINMENT
Cost containment is a management
technique utilized to reduce the cost of
hospitalization. It is reduced in many
ways in hospitals either by cutting
nursing positions or by improving
process of care and tightening non
labour resources.

6. PREVENTION AND HEALTH
PROMOTION
 The pediatric nurse applied health promotion
and health maintenance in all setting in which
children are served. The nurse possesses a
compheransive background on all aspects of
children and an understanding of child growth
and development. the family is role in the
children’s health is critical child health
depends upon preventive care. Majority of
the child health problems are preventable.
Modern concept of child health emphasize on
continuous care of whole child.

TRENDS IN PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC NURSING

TRENDS IN PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC NURSING

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