Automobile safety
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This document discusses various safety features of automobiles, including airbags, anti-lock braking systems, and electronic stability control. It notes that the automobile industry spends $36 billion annually on new safety technologies. Airbags are described as cushions that inflate quickly during a collision to prevent head and chest injuries. Different types of airbags like driver, passenger, and curtain airbags are mentioned. The document also provides information on how anti-lock braking systems and electronic stability control work to help drivers maintain control of their vehicles during braking or slippery conditions. Effectiveness data is presented showing improvements in safety provided by these systems.
Automobile safety
- 1. A SEMINAR ON SAFETY OFA SEMINAR ON SAFETY OF AUTOMOBILEAUTOMOBILE By: Mukesh JalwaniyaBy: Mukesh Jalwaniya
- 2. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION Automobile Industry is undergoing a BIGAutomobile Industry is undergoing a BIG TRANSFORMATION never seen before.TRANSFORMATION never seen before. Today CAR’s are not only used for personalToday CAR’s are not only used for personal Transport but they are ENCOMPASSED withTransport but they are ENCOMPASSED with Entertainment that vies with the fedility of your HOMEEntertainment that vies with the fedility of your HOME THEATRETHEATRE Seating arrangement more comfortable than yourSeating arrangement more comfortable than your RECLINERRECLINER SAFETY FEATURESSAFETY FEATURES making your car safer than a TANKmaking your car safer than a TANK
- 3. •Globally car companies SpendGlobally car companies Spend nearly $36 billon annually fornearly $36 billon annually for influencing new TECHNOLOGIESinfluencing new TECHNOLOGIES into their cars.into their cars. •Some of the big advancement in Automotive Industry in last 10years have come in a area of SAFETY.
- 4. In addition to Telematics based Services like • Digital Satellite Radio •In car E-mail •GPS systems Recent Advancement in Braking Technology have led to •Shorter stopping distance •Increased Control in PANIC situation •More control on CURVED turns
- 5. Air BagsAir Bags •What’s the main function of the System? •Material of Airbags? •History
- 6. Actual WorkingActual Working Airbag Before Collision Airbag After Collision
- 7. Inflation unitInflation unit •How does it INFLATES ?
- 8. Effectiveness This system has proven its effectiveness • In frontal crashes reduction in d rivers death reduced by nearly 14% •Passenger side airbags reducing death by nearly 11% •NHTSA estimated reduction in risk by nearly 85% with the combination of seat belt and airbags compared than only seatbelt i.e60% Car ModelCar Model Head Injury RiskHead Injury Risk AirbagAirbag No AirbagNo Airbag Holden CommodoreHolden Commodore 2828 4848 Toyota CamryToyota Camry 2020 4444 Mitsubishi MagnaMitsubishi Magna 66 2727 Ford FalconFord Falcon 1414 N. A.N. A. This are some crash results which give the effectiveness of the system
- 9. Different types of AirbagsDifferent types of Airbags DRIVERS SIDE AIRBAG PASSENGER AIR BAG Curtain Airbags
- 10. Anti-lock Braking SystemAnti-lock Braking System • Introduction ? • Advancement in the system ? • Working ?
- 11. Advancement in the system?
- 12. How Does the system Works?
- 13. Working Conventional BrakingConventional Braking Whole process is controlled by driver applied breakWhole process is controlled by driver applied break paddle pressurepaddle pressure;; ABS BrakingABS Braking Electric Sensors monitor the wheel speedElectric Sensors monitor the wheel speed ABS microprocessor Compares the wheel speedABS microprocessor Compares the wheel speed Control valve is energized.Control valve is energized.
- 14. EffectivenessEffectiveness ABS on a test track
- 15. Advantages: • Achives the Shortest Stopping distance • Better chance on Steering around obstacle • Reduced risk of skidding Disadvantages: • Precautions should be taken while driving • Proved less effective on gravel road or road compacted by snow
- 16. Traction ControlTraction Control • Next Generation ABSNext Generation ABS • Uses ABS as a Building block.Uses ABS as a Building block. • Can be is a combination of ABS & EngineCan be is a combination of ABS & Engine controlcontrol
- 17. Mainly the system has to control some or all conditions • Retard or Suppress the spark to one or more cylinders • Retard fuel supply to one or main cylinder • Break one or more wheel • Close the throttle, if the vehicle is fitted by wire throttle
- 18. Electronic Stability ControlElectronic Stability Control
- 19. MainMain componentscomponents of the systemof the system • Active wheel speed sensors; • Steering angle sensor; • Yaw rate sensor • Attached electronic control unit (ECU) • Motor; • Pressure sensor, • Hydraulic unit.
- 20. Steering Angle Sensor Understeering (“plowing out”) Oversteering (“spinning out”)
- 21. Some important ECS definitions • ESC augments vehicle directional stability by applying and adjusting the vehicle brakes individually to induce correcting yaw torques to the vehicle. • ESC is a computer-controlled system, which uses a close-loop algorithm to limit under steer and over steer of the vehicle when appropriate