17. is science in trouble

DISCUSSION No. 17
IS SCIENCE
IN TROUBLE?
Ariel A. Roth
sciencesandscriptures.com

OUTLINE
1. The problem
2. The good part of science
3. The difference between data and interpretation
4. Paradigm dominance in science
5. Exclusiveness in science
6. Secularism in science
7. The scientific evidence for God
8. Can scientists ignore the scientific evidence for God?
9. An unusual prediction
10. Conclusions about: Is Science in Trouble?
11. General conclusions for all the discussions
12. Review questions for: Is Science in Trouble?

INTRODUCTORY NOTE
This discussion is different because we are
getting into some of the thinking and reasons that
fuel the battle between science and the Bible.
While we will still reference some scientific data
and the Bible, we also get into the intriguing areas
of the psychology, sociology and philosophy of the
scientific community.
These perspectives are important in
facilitating an understanding of this great
intellectual conflict, and in providing insights that
will be beneficial to both your search for truth and
in helping others find that truth.

1. THE PROBLEM
• The Harvard Physicist Phillip Frank has stated
that in science “every influence of moral, religious,
or political consideration upon the acceptance of a
theory is regarded as ‘illegitimate’ by the
‘community of scientists.’”
• This statement reflects both exclusivity and elitism
in science. There are a number of areas that the
current practice of science rejects.
• Is science better than other methods of inquiry? Is
it the best mode of thought? Is science a closed
and limited system of thought?

1. THE PROBLEM
On the other hand, in the Bible (Job 38:4),
God asks the provocative question: “Where wast
thou when I laid the foundations of the earth?
Declare if thou hast understanding.”
And Paul (2 Timothy 4:3-5) warns us: “For the
time will come when they will not endure sound
doctrine; but after their own lust shall they heap
to themselves teachers, having itching ears; And
they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and
shall be turned unto fables.”

1. THE PROBLEM
We are dealing with two opposing views; on the one
hand, science that now excludes God from its
interpretations, and on the other hand the Bible that
presents God as the creator and also points to nature:
“The heavens declare the glory of God and the firmament
sheweth his handywork.” (Psalms 19:1). Science excludes
God, but the Bible does not exclude nature. The Bible is
more open. It also raises provocative questions about
origins and warnings of turning away from the truth.
As science has advanced during the last two centuries,
has it moved in the wrong philosophical direction?

2. THE GOOD PART OF SCIENCE
Science has accomplished many good things.
Antibiotics
Astronomical discoveries of the Hubble telescope
Mapping the genome of many organisms
Genetic engineering
Inserting genes into humans so as to
provide immunity
Altering microbes so they can produce
vaccines and hormones such as insulin
Altering animals such as making larger pigs and mice, and
cows that produce more milk
Altering plants so as to produce vitamins, or produce fruit
that keeps fresher longer, and cotton plants that
have a toxin from a microbe that kills predatory
insects
However some of these new organisms could be dangerous!

2. THE GOOD PART OF SCIENCE
In many areas, science is eminently
successful, and the accomplishments of
science are very impressive.
But there is good science and there is
bad science!

3. THE
DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN DATA
AND
INTERPRETATION

3. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DATA
AND INTERPRETATION
The story is told about a resourceful biology professor who
had trained his pet fleas to jump when ordered to do so. One
day he was demonstrating to a group of friends how very well
one of his fleas was trained. To authenticate his point, he tore off
one of the legs of his flea and asked it to jump; in spite of its
injury, the flea jumped. He then proceeded to tear off more legs,
one at a time, each time asking the flea to jump, and each time it
jumped. When the flea had only one leg left it was asked to
jump, and the well trained flea jumped. The professor then tore
off the last leg and asked it to jump, but it did not jump. The
professor then turned to his friends and told them that over the
years he had learned that when you tear all the legs off of fleas,
they can no longer hear!

AND INTERPRETATION
This story illustrates the difference between data and
interpretation. That the legless flea did not jump is data.
That it could not hear is an interpretation. Of course a
more plausible interpretation is that the flea did not jump
because it had no legs. In case you were wondering, a flea
has six legs!
One of the great confusions in science is the mixing of
data and interpretations. While often scientific papers
separate the two, interpretations are too often mixed up
with the data, and eventually speculations can almost take
on the tone of scientific laws.

AND INTERPRETATION
The term historical science is sometimes used to designate
the more speculative or interpretive aspects of science.
Historical science is less testable and often deals with past events
that cannot now be repeated, hence the “historical” designation.
These are areas where authentication is more difficult. Areas
like cosmogony, paleontology, evolution, creation and physical
anthropology are more on the historical side. On the other hand
we have experimental science such as much of chemistry, physics
and some aspects of biology including genetic engineering; these
can be tested and retested by repeatable experiments and are
thus more easily authenticated by observation and experiments.
One needs to be especially careful to sort out data from
interpretation when dealing with historical science topics.

4. PARADIGM
DOMINANCE IN
SCIENCE

4. PARADIGM DOMINANCE IN SCIENCE
Thomas Kuhn in his famous book The Structure of
Scientific Revolutions has pointed out that too often science
is not a steady advancement towards truth. Instead,
sociological factors dominate as scientists group themselves
under broad dominant ideas called paradigms. Paradigms
can be true or false, but they provide an accepted
framework under which a lot of scientific testing can be
done. If you do not accept the prevailing paradigm you can
be excluded from the scientific community, as a number of
creationist have discovered.

An example of a paradigm is the idea that the
continents of the earth shift (drift). The earlier idea that
they do not shift was also a paradigm. In those early days if
you suggested that the continents shifted you were not
welcomed by the scientific community. Now the accepted
paradigm is that the continents do shift, and if you
disagree, you tend to be excluded. Changes in paradigms,
which are called scientific revolutions, can be fast or slow
depending on the data, interpretations and sociological
circumstances. Some scientists object to the paradigm
concept because it challenges the image that science is
strongly objective. It is in some cases, but not in others.

Evolution is another example of a paradigm.
While some data indicates that there is minor
variation in organisms (microevolution), there is
hardly any solid data that can even suggest that
the general theory of evolution, i.e. starting with
simple chemicals and evolving on up to man, ever
occurred. In fact, as we have pointed out earlier,
there are a multitude of serious problems with the
theory. Yet the concept is accepted, and often
defended, by the majority of scientists.

One gets a little sense of the captivating power of
paradigms when we see how confident evolutionists are
about their theory (i.e. macroevolution) in spite of the fact
that it is hard to find any data to support it. Douglas
Futuyma, of the University of Michigan and NYSUSB, has
written the most widely used textbook on evolution in the
United States and in that book he states: “Evolutionary
biologists today do not concern themselves with trying to
demonstrate the reality of evolution. That is simply no
longer an issue, and hasn’t been for more than a century.”
When science exhibits such a confident attitude, especially
in the face of so much contrary evidence, it has moved
from searching for truth into dogma. Such attitudes keep
paradigms going and going in spite of the evidence.

Sometimes evolutionists go to great lengths to try and
demonstrate the truthfulness of their theory, and that can create
problems.
In 1999 The National Geographic Society scheduled a press
conference at their Explorer’s Hall in Washington, DC. The news was
about the discovery of a new fossil that was intermediate between
dinosaurs and birds, thus authenticating the evolution of dinosaurs
into birds. The fossil that was about a foot long was on display and
scientists who had studied it commented that “We’re looking at the
first dinosaur capable of flying. … It’s kind of overwhelming.” and
“We can finally say that some dinosaurs did survive, we call them
birds.” This was followed by an article about the fossil published in
National Geographic that characterized the fossil as “a missing link
between terrestrial dinosaurs and birds that could actually fly.”

Following is an illustration of a cast of the
fossil. The head is in the upper left corner. The
lowest arrow indicates the tail while the four side
arrows point to the legs. Note that the two legs are
actually from just one leg; the left one being the
counterslab cover of the fossil leg on the right.

Cast of the
fossil
Archaeoraptor.
The tail of a
dinosaur (red
arrow) was
attached to the
body of a bird.
See text for
details.
Photo by Lenore Roth

The fossil originally came from China
and was purchased for $80,000 by a
dinosaur museum in Utah. Professors from
several universities worked with the
National Geographic Society to study and
prepare the specimen for a big bang type of
announcement about this momentous
discovery. In general the main body of the
fossil appeared to be bird-like, but the tail
definitely appeared like that of a dinosaur.

Some scientists who had different ideas about the evolution
of birds, immediately started questioning the authenticity of the
fossil. The tail was not well attached to the body and the two
legs came from just one original leg. X-ray studies showed that
the rock slab of the fossil consisted of 88 different parts that had
been carefully glued together in China. A review of the source of
the tail showed that it originally came from a small fossil
dinosaur. Someone had attached the tail of a dinosaur to the
body of a bird, and scientists who wanted to believe that birds
evolved from dinosaurs interpreted this as an intermediate
between dinosaurs and birds. Later on, National Geographic
acknowledged their error. In this case, overconfidence and
defense of the paradigm of evolution resulted in an
embarrassing scientific error. We all need to carefully check all
our ideas.

In general the idea that birds evolved from dinosaurs,
especially from tyrannosaurs or allosaurus types, has been
gaining popularity. However recent research suggests that
is not such a great idea. For instance birds use their more
or less fixed thigh bones (femurs) to prevent the collapse of
the all important air-sacks that facilitate the high rate of
exchange of oxygen in the lungs that is essential for flight.
Dinosaurs have a movable thigh bone, and this strains the
suggestion that birds evolved from dinosaurs. So the
speculation about how birds evolved goes on, but most
scientists insist that they did evolve as the paradigm of
evolution dominates scientific interpretations.

Paradigms have a very strong influence, even
if they are wrong, because most everybody follows
them. How could most everybody be wrong?
However since some major paradigms eventually
change, we know that just because the majority
follow an idea is no guarantee that it is true.

5. EXCLUSIVENESS IN SCIENCE
Scientists frequently state that science and religion are
separate realms. We can separate out all kinds of areas of
information like literature, economics, psychology, physical
chemistry or biochemistry. However, purposefully ignoring
some of them, as science too often does for religion, can
eventually end up as a minor distraction along the broad
highway to finding truth. Our search for real truth, reality
or ultimate truth, as some call reality, needs to include as
much information as possible, especially when asking deep
broad questions like the origin of everything. The more
possibilities we look at, the more likely we are to encounter
correct explanations.

Unfortunately the tendency to exclusiveness
and isolation in science is unusually strong.
Because of this, science sometimes finds itself
attempting explanations that are beyond its
capabilities and are really only speculations.
Examples of these are thinking that life originated
from information hidden in atoms, or sociobiology
that attributes our behavior to evolution.

Most scientists are quite aware that science
can be powerful, and that is not something that
scientists are likely to give up. This can contribute
to a sense of superiority that tends to barricade
science from other realms of inquiry that are also
a part of reality, such as our free will (freedom of
choice) that is not cause and effect, and thus not
science.

Some wonder if science is being less than honest when it
arbitrarily excludes God, while at the same time it claims to
have the truth about ultimate origins. This problem is not a
matter of integrity, but is what is called self deception. This is
where scientists and others honestly think they are right and
others are wrong. God can be excluded because after all, don’t
most scientists exclude Him? For example, self deception seems
evident when scientists think that certain organisms existed
hundreds of millions of years earlier than they can find them in
the fossil record according to their time reckoning. They are
sure they evolved from other kinds, and they know that would
take a lot of time, so they must have existed long before their
fossils can be found.
Science is likely more prone to self deception because of its
unusual success in some areas. When you are successful it is
more difficult to think you might be wrong.

6. SECULARISM IN SCIENCE
At present, science has taken a strong secular stance and God is not
allowed in the picture. The famous Harvard evolutionist Stephen
Gould has characterized the idea of even just an intelligent designer as
a “fallacy” that is “historically moth-eaten.” Several notable scientists
suggest that the appearance of design in nature is an illusion or that it
needs to be avoided. Julian Huxley, the grandson of Darwin’s valiant
defender Thomas Huxley, comments that “organisms are built as if
purposefully designed … the purpose is only an apparent one.” In his
book The Blind Watchmaker, Richard Dawkins from Oxford University
opines that “biology is the study of complicated things that give the
appearance of having been designed for a purpose.” He then spends
the rest of the book trying to show how that is not the case. Nobel
Laureate Francis Crick warns: “Biologists must constantly keep in
mind that what they see was not designed but rather evolved.” It is
hard not to conclude that a secular agenda is at work here.

Furthermore, Richard Lewontin at Harvard
points out that in science “materialism is absolute,
for we cannot allow a Divine Foot in the door.” As
far as God is concerned, science has posted a “DO
NOT ENTER” sign. In the study area of ultimate
origins, science is no longer an open search for
truth, following the data wherever it may lead.

The fact that half a million scientists, when they
take a scientific stance, interpret nature without
God, while only a handful include Him, has
introduced a tremendous bias against God in the
scientific literature. This fact needs to be always
kept in mind when one tries to quantitatively
evaluate the interpretations for and against God’s
existence as found in science. At present, science
tries to interpret everything without God. The
secular paradigm of science without God dictates
the thinking, vocabulary, and what gets published
in scientific publications.

While creation is receiving much more attention
from the scientific community than it used to, it is
often not welcome and many leaders of science
despise the concept. Creation is usually ridiculed,
and it would be a brave scientist who would try to
suggest God as an active agent in nature in the
scientific literature, even though the data of
science very much points to the necessity for a
perceptive Creator. Some scientists have lost their
jobs because they suggested a God that might be
active in nature

A survey, discussed earlier (Discussion 1), querying some
1000 scientists in the USA indicates that 40% of them
believe in a God who answers prayers, (and 45% do not).
However the secular ethos in science is so pervasive that
virtually none of these will publish about God in the
scientific literature. The 40% of scientists that believe in
God keep quiet about it when they take a secular scientific
stance. There is truth in the statement that “many
scientists believe in God, but only on weekends when they
go to church!” Leading scientists keep emphasizing that if
you want to be a scientist, you need to eschew any thoughts
of religion. If a chemist creates a complex organic
molecule, that is science; if God does the same thing, it is
not!

At present, science asks the question: “How did life
evolve,” and not “Did life evolve?” In doing this, scientists
tend to bypass the crucial question about whether God
exists. A strong secular attitude in science influences both
the questions and conclusions of science.
It turns out that as presently practiced science is the
odd combination of the study of nature and a secular
philosophy that rules God out. You can exclude God by
definition, but that does not work well in case God exists!

One can rightfully ask if science isn’t entitled to
define itself as secular. It certainly is, but if it does,
it needs to stay out of the religious realms. That
can be extremely hard to do. For instance, when
science tries to answer everything in a secular
context it is inadvertently making the theological
statement that God does not exist, and that is
straying into religious territory. When you are
wondering where everything came from, isolation
into secularism is not a good idea.

Evolutionists often assert that creation is not science,
because there is no scientific way to evaluate a miracle like
creation, but that argument tends to lose its validity when
evolutionists turn about-face and write books like Scientists
Confront Creation and evaluate creation using science. Can
they have it both ways? As presently practiced by scientists
the definition of science is nebulous.
A lot of science can be practiced without involving the
question of God’s existence. But when it comes to the deep
questions about the origin of life or our ordered universe, it
is hard to ignore God.

A number of scientists associate evolution with God. In
this mode you have a God to help out with evolution’s most
serious problems such as the origin of life or the Cambrian
Explosion. However you won’t find any such ideas
promoted in standard scientific journals or textbooks
where God is not considered a causative agent. Should you
allow God in the picture, there is no need for the general
theory of evolution and all its problems. Furthermore, if
you include God, this tends to deprecate the autonomy of
science, and if you associate God with the harshness of
evolution this tends to deprecate the image of a caring and
forgiving God described in the Bible. Putting evolution and
the God of the Bible together is a very difficult task.

Other scientists elect to live with two different
world views at the same time and jump from one
to the other. In one view God is included and in
the other He is excluded. This can be convenient,
but it is not a way to find truth, since truth cannot
contradict itself. Either there is a God or there
isn’t one.

Science’s stance against God is a restricted
view. In this stance science no longer respects
academic freedom. It is not an open search for
truth where one follows the data of nature
wherever it leads. By arbitrarily excluding God
from its explanatory menu, science has lost its
credentials as far as finding ultimate truth.
In science, the data of nature should be
allowed to speak for itself, including the possibility
that God designed the consistency, precision and
complexity we have found in nature. In my
opinion this would be a more open and more
scientific stance.

Science does not have to exclude God. As
mentioned earlier (Discussion 1), the geniuses that
established many of the laws of modern science
such as Kepler, Galileo, Newton, Boyle, Pascal,
and Linné all believed in a God who had
established the laws of science, and a God who was
active in nature. These pioneers of modern science
showed how God and science can work very well
together. However now, the scientific community
excludes God from science.

7. THE
SCIENTIFIC
EVIDENCE FOR
GOD

7. THE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE FOR GOD
The scientific data that points to God is not
especially of the weaker historical science kind
mentioned earlier. Here we have the great
advantage of dealing with information like the
forces of physics and biochemistry that is mostly
of the hard experimental and observational type.
Below we will briefly describe some of the
most important scientific evidence for God, and
there is much more.

a. MATTER’S ORGANIZED NATURE. Matter could be just
unorganized amorphous goo. Instead we find that it is
composed of some 100 well organized kinds of elements
that have atoms that are extremely versatile and have the
capability of forming minerals, microbes, elephants, stars
and galaxies. Atoms can emit light and facilitate chemical
changes. These atoms are composed of subatomic particles
like quarks, neutrons, and protons that have very precise
parameters and follow laws that indicate a masterful
design plan. For instance, the mass of a proton has to be
precise within one part out of a thousand in order to have
the elements that form the universe. Such precision
indicates that design by a perceptive God seems essential.

b. THE FORCES OF PHYSICS. There are four
forces in physics. The very precise value of each,
over a range of 1039 from weakest to strongest and
the exact realm of action of each, is just what is
necessary for the existence of atoms and the
resultant universe that is so well suited for life.
The strength of gravity as it relates to the
electromagnetic force has to be extremely precise.
Some physicists suggest that a change of only one
part out of 1040 for either force would cause the
sun to be either way too cold or too hot. It is hard
to imagine that such precisions just happened by
chance. A creator God seems necessary.

c. THE ORIGIN OF LIFE. The simplest organisms
we know of are so complex that it does not seem
possible that they could have originated without
intelligent planning. In organisms we have all
kinds of complexities including: proteins, DNA,
ribosomes, biochemical pathways, a genetic code,
etc., and the ability to reproduce all of this,
including a system for proofreading and editing
any errors in newly copied DNA. It does not seem
reasonable to think that life could originate all by
itself as evolution claims.

d. COMPLEX ORGANS. In advanced organisms we have all
kinds of organs that have interdependent parts that cannot
function unless other necessary parts are present.
Examples would include many of the parts of the auto-
focus or auto-exposure mechanism of the eye. Our brains
also have many interdependent parts that represent
irreducible complexity. The useless separate but necessary
parts of these organs would have no evolutionary survival
value until other necessary parts were present.
Furthermore advancement would have to proceed in the
presence of dominantly harmful mutations, with very rare
advantageous ones. Hence, the origin of complex organs
like the eye seems to require planning by a perceptive
Creator.

e. TIME. Evolution relies heavily on billions of years
of time for the highly improbable events proposed.
However, when quantitatively evaluated the very
long ages proposed for the age of the earth and the
universe are way, way too short for what evolution
needs. Calculations indicate that the five billion
years age of the earth is thousands of billions of
times too short for the average time required to
produce just a single specific protein molecule by
chance. God seems necessary.

f. FOSSILS. During most of evolutionary time, virtually
no evolution occurs. Then suddenly, towards the end,
and during less than two percent of that evolutionary
time, most of the animal phyla appear in what is called
the Cambrian Explosion. Furthermore we don’t find
any significant ancestors to those phyla just below
them. Many major groups of plants as well as modern
mammals and birds also appear suddenly as if they
had been created. If evolution had taken place the
fossil record should be full of intermediates trying to
evolve, but evolutionists can only point to a few
suggested intermediates, usually between closely
related groups.

g. THE PHENOMENON OF MIND. There are many
characteristics of the mind that science has a great
deal of difficulty analyzing. These are
characteristics that science has not been able to
find in ordinary matter and as such they point to a
reality beyond materialistic interpretations. These
characteristics point towards a transcendent God
who created us. Examples of these higher
characteristics include: consciousness,
understanding, freedom of choice, meaningfulness,
sense of good and evil and concern for the life of
others, which is diametrically opposite to what
evolution's harsh survival of the fittest principle
would produce.

CONCLUSION ABOUT SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE
FOR GOD
Either there is a God or there isn’t one.
Either the universe was designed by God or it wasn’t.
When we look at all the hard data presented above, like the precision
of the forces of physics, the precision of the mass of subatomic
particles, also the complexity of living things from small to large, the
lack of time for evolutionary improbabilities, the paucity of fossil
intermediates, our brains and our minds, one has to admit that there is
a lot of significant data that is very hard to explain if we don’t believe
there is a God.
The scientific data forces a belief in God.
Why doesn't the scientific community consider this!

8. CAN SCIENTISTS
IGNORE THE
SCIENTIFIC
EVIDENCE FOR
GOD?

8. CAN SCIENTISTS IGNORE THE
SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE FOR GOD?
The fact that God has been excluded from science for a
century and a half, without providing any satisfactory
answers to the main questions of origins, should be a
matter for deep concern.
Scientists too often ignore or reject compelling
scientific data. Sometimes the data becomes so convincing
that they later accept it. Examples of ideas that were
rejected for a while by the scientific community in spite of
compelling evidence include:
1. Semmelweis’ idea that contamination spreads
disease
2. Mendel’s principles of heredity
3. Wegner’s idea that the continents move
4. Bretz’s interpretation of a catastrophic
flood.

While the pioneers of modern science such as Kepler,
Galileo, Newton, Boyle, Pascal and Linnaeus, who
established many of the laws of science, included God in
their scientific interpretations, and while 40% of American
scientists believe in a God who answers prayers, and while
a lot of scientific data indicates the necessity for God; at
present, the science leaders especially arbitrarily exclude
God. They do this although they are willing to speculate
about many other things such as evolutionary
intermediates that do not exist, or many other universes
for which there is virtually no evidence. But when it comes
to God, He is not now allowed in the science discussion.
Now in science, you can speculate about many things, but
not about God.

Humanity’s major modes of thinking tend to change
dramatically over time. Alchemy and witch hunting have
had their centuries of dominance; thankfully they are gone.
In antiquity, thought leaders like Socrates, Plato, and
Aristotle placed a great deal of importance on thought
processes, how we arrive at truth, and the importance of
reason. In the Western World, during the Middle Ages
there was a different set of priorities in thinking. That was
during the period known as scholasticism and the interest
was in logic, grammar, rhetoric, the relation of faith and
reason, and respect for authority. In the past two centuries
we have had a different set of priorities, with empirical
(observed) data engendering a high degree of acceptance.
We are in an age of materialistic science.

Through all this maze of changing priorities of
thought, I would like to suggest that nature
provides compelling data that God is a necessity.
There are firm scientific anchor points for this
conclusion. This is confirmed in the Bible in
Romans 1:20 where we are told that on the basis
of what we can see, there is no excuse for not
believing in God. Scientists can ignore the
scientific evidence for God, but this is not
following the data of nature with an open mind.

The battle is not just between some kind of evolution
and some kind of creation. These are just symptoms of a
deeper problem, namely can materialistic (naturalistic,
mechanistic) explanations provide a satisfactory world
view? Thus far, in that context, no probable workable
models have been proposed for the precision and
complexity of nature.
This raises the weighty question, has science led
humanity down an erroneous pathway as it has excluded
God? There is no doubt in my mind that that is the case.
Science excludes God in spite of evidence to the contrary,
and too many scientists insist on staying there.

This raises another important question, why do
scientists exclude God? The question of the
behavior of scientists, or of any other group of
human beings, is far too complex to come up with
simple definitive answers. I discuss reasons why
science rejects God in my book: SCIENCE
DISCOVERS GOD, p 225-231. It is likely that
scientists exclude God largely because of personal
and sociological factors, not because of the
scientific data.

9. AN UNUSUAL PREDICTION. THE BIBLE PREDICTED
LONG AGO THAT GOD AND THE GENESIS FLOOD
WOULD BE IGNORED IN THE LAST DAYS
The Bible makes a remarkable prediction in 2 Peter
3:3-6. It says that in the last days of the earth (and many
think that we are in those last days) scoffers would be
willingly ignorant of creation and the Flood. This is exactly
what we see now. Science has replaced creation with
evolution, and it has replaced the Genesis Flood with the
long geologic ages.
There are hundreds of other ideas that Peter could
have predicted would be willingly ignored in the last days.
That he picked the very two major disagreements between
science and the Bible, namely creation by God and the
Genesis Flood is remarkable.

9. AN UNUSUAL PREDICTION. THE BIBLE PREDICTED
LONG AGO THAT GOD AND THE GENESIS FLOOD
WOULD BE IGNORED IN THE LAST DAYS (Continued)
This is what Peter predicted
2 Peter 3: 3-6
“Knowing this first, that there shall come in the last
days scoffers, walking after their own lusts, And
saying, where is the promise of his coming? For since
the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were
from the beginning of creation [i.e. since the beginning
of the world, as some translations put it]. For this they
are willingly ignorant of , that by the word of God the
heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the
water and in the water: Whereby the world that then
was, being overflowed with water, perished.”
That science ignores creation and the Genesis
Flood should not surprise the Bible believer. This was
predicted almost 2000 years ago. The Bible seems to
be no ordinary book!

10. CONCLUSIONS
ABOUT: IS SCIENCE
IN TROUBLE?

10. CONCLUSIONS
Science is in trouble because presently it has
excluded the possibility of God in scientific
interpretations. It has trapped itself into a box
that no longer permits it to openly search for
truth. God is arbitrarily excluded.
In a special way science is a restricted secular
philosophy, posing as a study of nature,
pretending to provide ultimate answers, but
without allowing for the possibility of testing to see
if God is the creator.

10. CONCLUSIONS
Science was not always that way; during the first two
centuries of modern science, a God who was active in
nature was part of scientific interpretations. The pioneers
of modern science, who acknowledged God in their studies,
demonstrated that there is a home for God in Science.
In my opinion, science committed its greatest
philosophical error a century and half ago when it rejected
God and tried to explain everything in a mechanistic way.
Hopefully, science will again broaden its outlook and
consider that there is a God who is active in nature. A lot of
scientific data points to that.

11. GENERAL
CONCLUSIONS
FOR ALL THE
DISCUSSIONS

11. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
FOR ALL THE DISCUSSIONS
• Many wonder whether science or the Bible is true. A more
important question is: What truths do I find when I examine
both nature and the Bible?
• When we examine the nature of matter, from atoms to galaxies,
we find a precision of design and of forces that is so exact that it
seems virtually impossible to think that a perceptive God was
not involved.
• The simplest life we know of is so complex that it does not seem
possible that it evolved all by itself.
• Complex organs of advanced organisms, like the eye, have many
interdependent parts that do not work unless other necessary
parts are present. Hence these parts have no evolutionary
survival value until other parts are present. Natural selection
would tend to eliminate such useless parts, not create them.

11. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
FOR ALL THE DISCUSSIONS
• Radiometric dating is used to suggest long geologic time, but other
scientific data such as residual carbon-14, rates of erosion, and
paraconformities, suggest that the long geologic ages are in error.
• The fossil sequence in the geologic column is explained by the Flood
acting on the preflood ecology. Buoyancy and motility factors also
affected distribution.
• The gaps in the fossil record, and the sudden appearance of major
groups at the same level, such as the Cambrian Explosion in the
geologic column, indicate that evolution never occurred.
• Evidence for the Genesis Flood includes evidence of major water
activity on the continents, the almost total lack of erosion at the gaps
(paraconformities) in the sedimentary layers, incomplete ecological
environments, and unusually thick coal layers.
• Science made its greatest philosophical error when it rejected God as
an explanatory factor and tried to answer everything within a limited
materialistic framework.

12. REVIEW
QUESTIONS FOR:
IS SCIENCE IN
TROUBLE?
(Answers given later below)

12. REVIEW QUESTIONS – 1
(Answers given later below)
1. What is the difference between data and interpretations? In what
aspects of science is it especially important to separate the two?
2. Why did some scientists report that a bird fossil, to which the tail of a
dinosaur had been attached, was an evolutionary intermediate between
dinosaurs and birds?
3. Because of its success, scientists tend to feel that science is self
sufficient. What are the consequences of such an attitude?
4. What are the implications of the fact that 4 out of 10 scientists in the
United States believe in a God that answers prayers, while God is
virtually absent in scientific textbooks and journals?

REVIEW QUESTIONS – 2
5. Should science be open to all ideas including the concept that God
exists?
6. Seven lines of scientific evidence pointing to God were summarized
above. They are: organization of matter, forces of physics, origin of life,
origin of complex organs, lack of time, fossil record, and our minds.
Explain how each one of these points to the necessity for God.
7. What simple conclusion about the relation of science to God can be
deduced from the fact that the pioneers of modern science, such as
Kepler, Boyle, Newton, Pascal and Linné often referred to God in their
interpretations of nature?
8. In the context of the broad approach science generally takes, what is so
paradoxical about science’s exclusion of God?

REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - 1
1. What is the difference between data and interpretations? In what
aspects of science is it especially important to separate the two?
Data is what one observes; it is the facts that we deal with.
Interpretation is the explanation for what we observe. In those aspects of
science that deal with past unrepeatable and unobservable events it is
especially important to separate data (facts) from interpretations.
2. Why did some scientists report that a bird fossil, to which the tail of a
dinosaur had been attached, was an evolutionary intermediate between
dinosaurs and birds?
Because they were convinced that the paradigm of evolution is true.
Likely they were also especially interested in supporting the idea that
birds evolved from dinosaurs. This helped them overlook the facts that
indicated that the fossil was a fake.

3. Because of its success, scientists tend to feel that science is self
sufficient. What are the consequences of such an attitude?
Science now tries to answer all questions within its materialistic
outlook. This causes it to ignore aspects of reality beyond materialistic
(mechanistic) concerns like free will, religion, beauty, God, etc. This
narrow outlook can lead to error because it is too restricted for
determining all truth.
4. What are the implications of the fact that 4 out of 10 scientists in the
United States believe in a God that answers prayers, while God is
virtually absent in scientific textbooks and journals?
There seems to be a strong secular ethos in the practice of science.
When questions about God might be raised, God is not mentioned. This
strong secularism is not representative of the beliefs of the scientific
community as a whole, many of whom believe in God.

5. Should science be open to all ideas including the concept that God
exists?
If science is searching for truth it should be willing to test all ideas
including the existence of God. What if God exists? To arbitrarily exclude
God can introduce some serious biases especially in those areas such as
evolution and deep questions about origins that bring into focus the
question about God’s existence.
6. Seven lines of scientific evidence pointing to God were summarized
above. They are: organization of matter, forces of physics, origin of life,
origin of complex organs, lack of time, fossil record, and our minds.
Explain how each one of these points to the necessity for God.
For the explanations, just look a few slides up in the section titled
“The Scientific Evidence for God.”

7. What simple conclusion about the relation of science to God can be
deduced from the fact that the pioneers of modern science, such as
Kepler, Boyle, Newton, Pascal and Linnaeus often referred to God in
their interpretations of nature?
You can do very good science when you include a God who is active
in nature in your interpretations of nature. God created the laws of
nature that make science possible.
8. In the context of the broad approach science generally takes, what is so
paradoxical about science’s exclusion of God?
As presently practiced, science is willing to speculate about really
wild ideas, such as all kinds of universes and evolutionary intermediates
that don’t exist; but when it comes to God, He is not allowed in the
picture. This suggests a bias against God.

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES
For further discussions by the author (Ariel A. Roth) and many additional references, see the
author’s books titled:
1. ORIGINS: LINKING SCIENCE AND SCRIPTURE. Hagerstown, MD. Review and
Herald Publishing Association.
2. SCIENCE DISCOVERS GOD: Seven Convincing Lines of Evidence for His Existence.
Hagerstown, MD. Autumn House Publishing, an imprint of Review and Herald
Publishing Association.
Additional information is available on the author’s Web Page: Sciences and Scriptures.
www.sciencesandscriptures.com. Also see many articles published by the author and
others in the journal ORIGINS which the author edited for 23 years. For access see the
Web Page of the Geoscience Research Institute www.grisda.org.
Highly Recommended URLs are:
Earth History Research Center http://origins.swau.edu
Theological Crossroads www.theox.org
Sean Pitman www.detectingdesign.com
Scientific Theology www.scientifictheology.com
Geoscience Research Institute www.grisda.org
Sciences and Scriptures www.sciencesandscriptures.com
Other Web Pages providing a variety of related answers are: Creation-Evolution Headlines,
Creation Ministries International, Institute for Creation Research, and Answers in
Genesis.

USE PERMIT
Free unrevised use for personal and non-commercial
distribution of this material in its original publication
medium is granted and encouraged. Proper attribution
should be given. Permission for multiple printing for
classroom use or not-for-profit public meetings is also
freely allowed.
In using this material in this format, accurate
attribution should be maintained for any illustrations
where credit is designated. Many illustrations are by the
author and free use is granted for all media. However,
when credit to another source is given, permission might
be necessary from the source for certain different kinds of
communication media than the present use.

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